Uncle Sam holding paper "Protest against Russian exclusion of Jewish Americans" and looking in shock at Chinese skeleton labeled "American exclusion of Chinese" in closet.

How the Chinese Fought Discrimination in 19th Century Arizona

Chinese immigrants in the American West faced legal discrimination and fought back against it using other laws.
Men and women drinking beer at a pre-prohibition bar in Raceland, Louisiana, September 1938.

The Darker Side of Prohibition

During Prohibition, industrial-grade alcohol cost hundreds of American lives. The Coolidge administration encouraged its circulation.
Julius Caesar

Why New Years Falls on January 1st

Why do we celebrate the beginning of the New Year on the first of January? Julius Caesar, mostly.
U.S Deficit

Do Americans Like Government Spending? Depends How You Ask

Whether or not Americans approve of government spending depends strongly on how the issues are framed.
African-American students at North Carolina A&T College participate in a sit-in at a F. W. Woolworth's lunch counter reserved for white customers in Greensboro, North Carolina. (Copyright Bettmann/Corbis / AP Images)

How the Body Can Shape Social Protest

By using the body to resist and respond to violence and social injustice, protesters literally embody their cause.
Refugees on Igdir road © Armenian National Institute, Inc. Elder Photo Collection

As Armenians Mark 100th Anniversary of Genocide, Turks Resolutely Dismiss Their Claims

The European Court of Human Rights recently ruled that Switzerland violated Turkish socialist party chairman Doğu Perinçek’s freedom ...
John Hope Franklin, who heads President Clinton's Commission on Race Relations, works with orchids in his backyard greenhouse, in Durham, N.C., on Aug. 25, 1997. (AP Photo/Grant Halverson)

Remembering Historian John Hope Franklin

Franklin helped to change the way we think about slavery and Reconstruction.
Terrorism definition

How Do You Define Terrorism?

The definition of terrorism, which has been with us for a long time, is being debated domestically and internationally.
Civil War Attire

How the Word “Shoddy” Became an Anti-Semitic Slur

Shoddy came to have anti-Semitic overtones during the American Civil War.
Chinese Communist Party flag

Membership in the Communist Party of China: Who is Being Admitted and How?

The composition of the Communist Party of China has evolved considerably since the party was founded in 1921.