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Black and white headshot of author Matthew Wills

Matthew Wills

Matthew Wills has advanced degrees in library science and film studies and is lapsed in both fields. He has published in Poetry, Huffington Post, and Nature Conservancy Magazine, among other places, and blogs regularly about urban natural history at matthewwills.com.

Monrovia, Liberia, 1910

Poland’s Colonial Dreams

With the resurrection of a Polish state in the aftermath of World War I, Poland seriously flirted with colonialism—in Liberia.
Dublin Castle, 1830

Weaponizing Homophobia in Ireland

One of the arguments of Irish nationalism was that English rule was morally corrupting. There was no better example of this than same-sex desire.
Tip-O-Tip

The Zulu Prince Scam

In the 1890s, self-proclaimed Zulu princes toured the United States, performing a con game on Americans eager to know Africa and Christianize its peoples.
Nordenfelt submarine of the Ottoman empire, probably Abdül Hamid (Nordenfelt II), c. 1886.

The Great Arms Bazaar of the Nineteenth Century

In the late nineteenth century, fed by the disintegration of the Ottoman empire, the European arms race created a global military surplus.
The murder of August von Kotzebue

Assassination of A Playwright, Birth of A Nationalism

The 1819 assassination of playwright August von Kotzebue by theology student Karl Sand is considered one of foundational moments in German nationalism.
A former German defense bunker lies in Marram Grass along a stretch of coastline that was known as 'Utah Beach' during the June 6, 1944 D-Day Beach landings on April 30, 2019 in Audouville-la-Hubert, on the Normandy coast

Conflict Archaeology in Normandy

The light management of forests in Normandy since WWII helped preserve the remains of German supply depots and other artifacts of war hidden in the woodlands.
A cartoon illustration of an elderly woman communicating on the internet

I Hope This Finds You Well, or, Dude, You Good?

Are formulaic hoping and wishing statements in correspondence evidence of magical thinking?
The Roman Countryside by Pietro Barucci

Ride ’em, Butteri! 

Long before spaghetti westerns, Italians were turned on to an image of the American West by Buffalo Bill Cody’s Wild West Show.
The School of Athens (detail) featuring Euclid by Raphael

Data: Not Just Another Four-Letter Word

For early modern theologians, data were assumptions of truths for which there was no need for explanation. How things—and data—have changed.
Overhead view of 3 heritage variety corn cobs photographed in a wicker basket. These varieties with their multi-coloured pieces of corn are popular for their decorative uses but some varieties can be used in corn meal for making taco’s for example. Also known as Indian corn or flint corn. Colour, horizontal with some copy space.

Translating Corn

To most of the world, “corn” is “maize,” a word that comes from the Taíno mahizwas. Not for British colonists in North America, though.
Young Negro, 1935

Black in the USSR

Soviet artworks that featured Black Americans tended to trade in stereotypes. The paintings of Alexsandr Deineka were an exception.
An illustration of William Burke murdering Margery Campbell

Burke and Hare…and Knox

Burke and Hare infamously killed people to meet the demand for bodies in Edinburgh’s anatomy schools in 1828. But who remembers the man for whom they worked?
Painting of Louis Eugène Cavaignac

What Are Colonies For? France and Algeria, 1848

Algeria was a safety valve for the Second Republic: a place to funnel the militant working class to subdue them as colonists and farmers.
Adelbert von Chamisso

The Long Shadow of Adelbert von Chamisso

An exiled French aristocrat who wrote in German and explored California in the name of Russia, von Chassimo inspired Marx, Offenbach, and even Wilde.
Peppered moth (Biston betularia)

Humans As Drivers of Evolution

“Anthropogenic,” meaning of human causes, is generally used to refer to climate change. But it also covers the powerful evolutionary force that is humanity.
Spacetime as represented by a grid with a body (presumably a black hole) bending it.

When Gravity Sucked, According to the Plutocrats

After Einstein’s general theory of relativity was proven during a 1919 solar eclipse, quantum and nuclear physics pushed it aside to hog the limelight.
From a pamphlet about the discovery of a witch, 1643

Sex and the Single Witch

On witch-hunting and the pursuit of sexual knowledge in early-modern England.
Poverty Point, Louisiana

The Riches of Poverty Point

Earthworks built around 3,700 years ago in Louisiana centered an exchange system that stretched up the Mississippi and into the Ohio and Tennessee Valleys.
The continent of Antarctica, circa 2006

Inventing Antarctica

We're only just getting to know "the Ice."
Tom Cruise runs in a scene from the film 'Minority Report', 2002

The History of Precrime

UCLA’s Violence Center was squelched by political revolt, not so much for its ambition to stockpile behavioral data as Americans' fear of psychosurgery.
Spectators gather at Stonehenge to watch a group of Druids carry out the Dawn Ceremony on the summer solstice, or longest day of the year, 1956

Stonehenge Before the Druids (Long, Long, Before The Druids)

The clash of academic archaeology and what might be called folk archaeology comes into stark focus at Stonehenge.
The Peshtigo Fire on October 8, 1871, Wood engraving, published in 1872.

Peshtigo: The Nation’s Deadliest Fire

On the same night as Chicago’s Great Fire of 1871, some 2,400 square miles of Wisconsin and Michigan burned in a firestorm that took more than 1,000 lives.
Pat McCarran

The End of Asian Exclusion, the Beginning of Caribbean Exclusion

The 1952 McCarran-Walter Act allowed first-generation Japanese American immigrants to become US citizens while keeping African Caribbean immigrants out.
An illustration titled “Protecting The Settlers" by JR Browne for his work "The Indians Of California,” 1864

Genocide in California

The extermination campaigns against the Yuki people, sparked by the California Gold Rush and statehood, weren’t termed genocide until the mid 1970s.
Ali Wallace, 1905

Ali: Alfred Russel Wallace’s Right-Hand Gun

Wallace wouldn't have become a famous naturalist without help from colonial networks and hundreds of locals, including his indefatigable Sarawak servant, Ali.